A Guide to Your Creative Paradigm: Top-down vs. Bottom-up Approaches
To have a well structured novel, we need to develop story structure in several layers. The highest layer of plot is Storyline. Then we have three-act structure or other similar common story structure. After that we have Synopsis and based on that Scene List. Finally we have the novel words itself. Does the order of writing novel structure layers really matter when writing a novel? The answer: it depends. For some writers, a detailed plan is essential to keep the story on track. Others thrive on spontaneity, letting their story unfold as they write. The key is to find the creative paradigm that aligns with your personal writing style and preferences.
Most novel writing processes can be categorized into two broad approaches: top-down and bottom-up.
In a top-down paradigm, you begin with the big picture and progressively work down to the finer details—similar to constructing a house. You start with the foundation and blueprints before adding the walls, roof, and furnishings.
Example: The outline method is a classic top-down technique. You start by crafting an outline that details the major plot points, character development, and settings. Once your structure is in place, you can confidently move on to writing individual chapters and scenes.
Advantages:
Provides a clear sense of direction.
Helps you avoid major plot holes or inconsistencies.
Ideal for writers who like structure and detailed planning.
In a bottom-up paradigm, you start with the smallest details, such as scenes or bits of dialogue, and build toward a cohesive story. It’s like starting with a pile of bricks and slowly building a wall—one piece at a time.
Example: The "seat-of-the-pants" method embodies the bottom-up approach. You begin by writing whatever comes to mind, without worrying about structure or planning. Afterward, you can analyze the draft, identifying plot points, refining characters, and organizing the story's structure.
Advantages:
Fosters creativity and spontaneity.
Allows for unexpected twists and character development.
Ideal for writers who enjoy discovery as part of the writing process.
There’s no universal answer. Choosing between a top-down or bottom-up approach depends entirely on your writing style and personal preferences. Consider the following:
Do you feel more comfortable with a clear roadmap before you start writing? If so, the top-down approach may be your best bet.
Do you love the freedom of letting the story develop organically? Then the bottom-up method could be ideal.
Are you comfortable editing and revising as you go? If you're fine with refining your work along the way, either paradigm can work—though bottom-up may offer a more flexible approach to revising.
You don’t have to commit to one approach entirely. Many writers adopt a hybrid approach, blending elements of both paradigms. For instance, you might begin with a loose outline to establish direction but allow the story to evolve naturally as you write. Or, you may start writing freely and develop an outline afterward to help guide your revisions.
The most important thing is to experiment with different methods until you find the process that feels right for you. Don't be afraid to blend strategies or try new approaches. The goal isn't to follow a specific formula—it's to create a novel you're proud of.
In the end, the only rule that matters is what gets your story written. Whether you prefer planning out every detail or discovering the plot as you go, embrace the process that fuels your creativity.